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Electronics

Concepts

Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction, either steadily or in pulses.

Alternating Current (AC) flows in alternating directions across a circuit

Current refers to the quantity of electrons passing a given point.

• Unit - Amperes
• Symbol - I

Voltage - refers to the electrical pressure or force

• Unit - Volts
• Symbol - V

Resistance - refers to a cause restriction in the flow of a current

• Unit - Ohms
• Symbol - R (or Ω)

Power - refers to the work performed by a current

• Unit - Watt
• Symbol - p

Potential Difference - the difference in voltage between the two ends of a conductor through which a current flows. Also known as voltage drop.

Ohm's Law

a potential difference of 1 volt will force a current of 1 ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm, or: V = I x R or I = V / R or R = V / I

P = I x V or I^2 x R

Abbreviations and Units

M (MEG-) = x 1,000,000

K (KILO-) = × 1,000

m (MILLI-) = x 0.001 (or /1000)

µ (MICRO-) = x 0.000 001 (or /1000000)

n (NANO-) = x 0.000 000 001 (or /1000000000)

p (PICO-) = x 0.000 000 000 001 (or /10000000000)

Discrete Components

Resistors

Resistor Colour Codes:

Colour	Sig Digits (1&2)	Multipliers	Tolerence
Black	0	1	-
Brown	1	10	±1%
Red	2	100	-
Orange	3	1000 (k)	-
Yellow	4	10000 (x10k)	No
Green	5	100000 (x100k)	colour
Blue	6	1000000 (M)	band
Violet	7	10000000 (x10M)	±20%
Gray	8	100000000 (x100M)	-
White	9	-	-
Gold	-	-	±5%
Silver	-	-	±10%

Semiconductors

Power

• [Batteries]

Electrical

Pages pertaining to house and automotive electrical systems

Microcontrollers

Pages about small computers, programming and process control